Egypt, Al-Mahmoudiya and Sultan Hassan Mosques, Cairo, 1852

Al-Mahmoudiya Mosque, followed by Sultan Hassan Mosque in Citadel Square, Cairo, mid-nineteenth century, 1852 AD

Al-Mahmoudiya Mosque was built by Mahmud Pasha, who brought it to Egypt on behalf of the Ottoman Empire in 975 AH (1567 AD).

The Sultan al-Nasir Hassan Mosque and its madrasa, also known as the Sultan Hassan Madrasa, or Sultan Hassan Mosque, is one of Cairo's most famous historic mosques. It is described as the jewel of Islamic architecture in the East, and is considered the most harmonious and cohesive monument in Islamic Cairo. It represents the mature stage of Mamluk architecture. It was built by Sultan al-Nasir Hassan ibn al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun during the period from 757 AH (1356 AD) to 764 AH (1363 AD) during the reign of the Bahri Mamluks in Egypt.

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